目录
  • 1、入门案例
    • 1.1、创建SpringBoot项目
    • 1.2、勾选对应的maven依赖
    • 1.3、编写Controller路由
    • 1.4、启动项目
  • 2、基本原理
    • 2.1、Security的本质
    • 2.2、Security装载过程(一)
    • 2.3、Security装载过程(二)
    • 2.4、UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter过滤器
  • 总结

    1、入门案例

    1.1、创建SpringBoot项目


    1.2、勾选对应的maven依赖


    这里一些依赖可以没有,最主要是要有Web和Security两个依赖即可!

    1.3、编写Controller路由

    @Controller
    public class RouterController {
        @RequestMapping(value = {"/index","/","/index.html"})
        @ResponseBody
        public String success(){
            return "Hello SpringSecurity";
        }
    }
    

    1.4、启动项目

    • 启动项目之后会发现自动来到了登录页面,这个登录页面并不是我们写的,是由Security自带的并且现在说明Security已经开启了用户认证。
    • 可以在控制台拿到密码(随机),用户名为user;使用密码登录之后就能看到页面了!

    2、基本原理

    2.1、Security的本质

    • SpringSecurity的本质是Interceptor拦截器 + Filter过滤器的执行链,而拦截器的本质是AOP。
    • 可以在security包中看到大量的拦截器类、过滤器类等等,它们分别负责不同的功能。
    org.springframework.security.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter
    org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter
    org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter
    org.springframework.security.web.csrf.CsrfFilter
    org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter
    org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter
    org.springframework.security.web.authentication.ui.DefaultLoginPageGeneratingFilter
    org.springframework.security.web.authentication.ui.DefaultLogoutPageGeneratingFilter
    org.springframework.security.web.savedrequest.RequestCacheAwareFilter
    org.springframework.security.web.servletapi.SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter
    org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationFilter
    org.springframework.security.web.session.SessionManagementFilter
    org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter
    org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor
    

    2.2、Security装载过程(一)

    • 根据SpringBoot自动装配原理可以得知,SpringBoot在启动时会自动加载spring-boot-autoconfigure包下的spring.factories中的配置,其中有做安全认证的security组件!

    • 虽然自动装配了security的组件,但是并没有完全生效,还需要导入security的依赖,这时才会根据@Condition进行条件装配bean。其中最主要的是会装载一个DelegatingFilterProxy类。
    • DelegatingFilterProxy类的作用是将上述所有的过滤器进行串起来
    // 过滤器执行链
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
        Filter delegateToUse = this.delegate;
        if (delegateToUse == null) {
            synchronized(this.delegateMonitor) {
                delegateToUse = this.delegate;
                if (delegateToUse == null) {
                    WebApplicationContext wac = this.findWebApplicationContext();
                    if (wac == null) {
                        throw new IllegalStateException("No WebApplicationContext found: no ContextLoaderListener or DispatcherServlet registered?");
                    }
                    delegateToUse = this.initDelegate(wac);
                }
                this.delegate = delegateToUse;
            }
        }
        this.invokeDelegate(delegateToUse, request, response, filterChain);
    }
    protected Filter initDelegate(WebApplicationContext wac) throws ServletException {
        String targetBeanName = this.getTargetBeanName();			//FilterChainProxy
        Assert.state(targetBeanName != null, "No target bean name set");
        Filter delegate = (Filter)wac.getBean(targetBeanName, Filter.class);
        if (this.isTargetFilterLifecycle()) {
            delegate.init(this.getFilterConfig());
        }
        return delegate;
    }
    

    2.3、Security装载过程(二)

    • initDelegate方法中的getTargetBeanName为springSecurityFilterChain,由FilterChainProxy类生成
    • 内部核心方法doFilterInternal中可以看到获取到的所有过滤器。
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
    		throws IOException, ServletException {
    	....
    		doFilterInternal(request, response, chain);
    	....
    }
    private void doFilterInternal(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
    		throws IOException, ServletException {
    	...
    	List<Filter> filters = getFilters(firewallRequest);
    	...
    }
    

    一共有14个自动装配好的过滤器、拦截器

    2.4、UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter过滤器

    • 这是Security中的一个过滤器,用户对登录/login请求进行拦截验证的实现类。
    @Override
    public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
    		throws AuthenticationException {
    	if (this.postOnly && !request.getMethod().equals("POST")) {
    		throw new AuthenticationServiceException("Authentication method not supported: " + request.getMethod());
    	}
    	String username = obtainUsername(request);
    	username = (username != null) ? username : "";
    	username = username.trim();
    	String password = obtainPassword(request);
    	password = (password != null) ? password : "";
    	UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authRequest = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username, password);
    	// Allow subclasses to set the "details" property
    	setDetails(request, authRequest);
    	return this.getAuthenticationManager().authenticate(authRequest);
    }
    

    其中核心的方法是authenticate()方法,在这里对用户提交的账号和密码进行验证。

    总结

    本篇文章就到这里了,希望能够给你带来帮助,也希望您能够多多关注的更多内容!